主从配置过程：参看： https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/setting-up-replication/ https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/replication-configuration.html
主服务器192.168.27.7配置：
[root@master ~]$vim /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0innodb_file_per_tablelog_binserver-id=1[root@master ~]$systemctl start mariadb.service MariaDB [(none)]> show binary logs;+--------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+--------------------+-----------+| mariadb-bin.000001 | 245 |+--------------------+-----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)[root@master ~]$mysql < hellodb_InnoDB.sqlMariaDB [(none)]> show binary logs;+--------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+--------------------+-----------+| mariadb-bin.000001 | 7655 |+--------------------+-----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'192.168.27.%' identified by 'centos';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
从服务器192.168.27.17服务配置：
从服务器上的配置：[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysqlsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.innodb_file_per_tableserver_id=2注意：默认的server_id是0；MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'server_id';+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| server_id | 0 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)查看帮助：MariaDB [(none)]> help change master to;CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master2.mycompany.com', MASTER_USER='replication', MASTER_PASSWORD='bigs3cret', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001', MASTER_LOG_POS=4, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.27.7', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='centos', -> MASTER_PORT=3306, -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=245, -> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: No 线程未启动； Slave_SQL_Running: No 线程未启动； Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245 复制的起始位置； Relay_Log_Space: 245 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No 可以启用加密； Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)
中继日志已经创建；[root@centos7x ~]$ll /var/lib/mysql/total 28724-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 16384 Feb 25 06:37 aria_log.00000001-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 Feb 25 06:37 aria_log_control-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Feb 25 06:37 ibdata1-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 25 06:37 ib_logfile0-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Feb 25 05:09 ib_logfile1-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 264 Feb 25 05:15 mariadb-bin.000001-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 21 Feb 25 05:10 mariadb-bin.index-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 245 Feb 25 06:38 mariadb-relay-bin.000001-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27 Feb 25 06:38 mariadb-relay-bin.index-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 84 Feb 25 06:38 master.infodrwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 25 05:09 mysqlsrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Feb 25 06:37 mysql.sockdrwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 25 05:09 performance_schema-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 Feb 25 06:38 relay-log.infodrwx------ 2 mysql mysql 6 Feb 25 05:09 test
启动从服务器上的复制线程：
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone awayNo connection. Trying to reconnect...Connection id: 4Current database: *** NONE ***Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || hellodb || mysql || performance_schema || test |+--------------------+MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245 读取的日志的位置； Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 531 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245 执行的日志的位置； Relay_Log_Space: 1113 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 落后的时间差；Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)
主服务器的读写操作：
主服务器的日志位置；MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs;+--------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+--------------------+-----------+| mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 || mariadb-bin.000002 | 245 |+--------------------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)主服务器的写：MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs;+--------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+--------------------+-----------+| mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 || mariadb-bin.000002 | 332 |+--------------------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.27.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 332 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 618 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 332 Relay_Log_Space: 9153 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器：
从服务器瞬间同步：MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || hellodb || mysql || performance_schema || test || wangdb |+--------------------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)停止从服务器；并在主服务器上更新操作；MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb2;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> create database wangdb3;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)从服务器；[root@centos7x ~]$systemctl stop mariadb.service [root@centos7x ~]$[root@centos7x ~]$[root@centos7x ~]$systemctl start mariadb.service unknown [(none)]> show databases;No connection. Trying to reconnect...Connection id: 4Current database: *** NONE ***+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || hellodb || mysql || performance_schema || test || wangdb || wangdb2 || wangdb3 |+--------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)从服务器上的relay-log.info记录的是[root@centos7x ~]$ls /var/lib/mysql/aria_log.00000001 ibdata1 mariadb-relay-bin.000004 master.info performance_schema wangdbaria_log_control ib_logfile0 mariadb-relay-bin.000005 mysql relay-log.info wangdb2hellodb ib_logfile1 mariadb-relay-bin.index mysql.sock test wangdb3[root@centos7x ~]$[root@centos7x ~]$cat /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info ./mariadb-relay-bin.000005709mariadb-bin.0000025108[root@centos7x ~]$cat /var/lib/mysql/master.info 18mariadb-bin.000002510192.168.27.7replusercentos330660001800.0000主服务器；MariaDB [(none)]> show master logs;+--------------------+-----------+| Log_name | File_size |+--------------------+-----------+| mariadb-bin.000001 | 8217 || mariadb-bin.000002 | 510 |+--------------------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)